Page 11 - Chemistry ICSE Class IX

Contents

1. The Language of Chemistry 1–28

ƒ Atomic symbols ƒ Valence electrons ƒ Valency ƒ Radicals ƒ Molecule and molecular formula
ƒ Writing the molecular formulae of molecular compounds ƒ Writing the formulae of ionic
compounds ƒ Chemical equation ƒ Balancing of chemical equations ƒ Atomic mass and relative
atomic mass ƒ Molecular mass and relative molecular mass ƒ Composition of a compound

2. Chemical Changes and Reactions 29–58

ƒ Physical changes ƒ Chemical changes ƒ Changes involving both chemical and physical changes
ƒ Conditions necessary for a chemical reaction to take place ƒ Types of chemical reactions (or
chemical changes) ƒ Energy changes in chemical reactions ƒ Reactions in which heat is either
absorbed or evolved ƒ Reactions in which electrical energy is either absorbed or evolved —
electrochemical reactions ƒ Reactions in which light energy is either absorbed or evolved —
photochemical reactions ƒ Combustion ƒ Change in mass on burning ƒ How is the balance of
carbon dioxide and oxygen maintained in nature ƒ Oxygen cycle ƒ Carbon dioxide cycle

3. Water 59–82

ƒ Water — a chemical compound ƒ Water as a solvent ƒ Physical properties of water
ƒ The anomalous behaviour of water ƒ Solutions ƒ Air dissolved in water and its biological
importance ƒ Solubility ƒ Effect of temperature and pressure on the solubility ƒ Hydrated
substances ƒAnhydrous substances ƒ Efflorescence ƒ Hygroscopic substances ƒ Deliquescent
substances ƒ Soft water and hard water ƒ Chemical properties of water ƒ Activity series of metals
from the action of water on some metals ƒ Importance and uses of water

4. Atomic Structure and Chemical Bonding 83–116

ƒ Electrical nature of matter: Discharge tube experiments ƒ Cathode rays ƒ J. J. Thomson’s
experiment and the discovery of electron ƒ Positive rays (anode rays or canal rays) ƒ The proton
ƒ The neutron ƒ The structure of atom ƒ Rutherford’s nuclear model of atom ƒ Böhr’s model of
atom ƒ Nuclear composition: The atomic nucleus ƒ Valence electrons and valency ƒ Isotopes
ƒ Fractional atomic masses ƒ Chemical reactivity and electronic configuration ƒ Octet rule
ƒ Electrovalent Bond ƒ Structures of some electrovalent compounds ƒ Covalent Bond ƒ Structures
of some covalent compounds and molecules

5. The Periodic Table 117–144

ƒ Reasons for the classification of elements ƒ Earlier attempts for the periodic classification of
elements ƒ Mendeleev's periodic law ƒ Mendeleev's periodic table ƒ Modern periodic law
ƒ Modern long form periodic table ƒ Periodicity in properties ƒ Atomic number ƒ Atomic size