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44                                                                                     ICSE Chemistry – 10
                                           Effect of Electricity on Electrovalent and Covalent

                                           Compounds
                                           Structurally, the electrovalent compounds differ from covalent compounds.
                                           This difference can be observed when these compounds are placed under
                                           GNGEVTKECN ſGNF  6JKU KU FGUETKDGF DGNQY


             ACTIVITY 1  Aim: dŽ ƐƚƵĚLJ ƚŚĞ ĞīĞĐƚ ŽĨ ĞůĞĐƚƌŝĐŝƚLJ ŽŶ ƐŽŵĞ ĞůĞĐƚƌŽǀĂůĞŶƚ ĂŶĚ ĐŽǀĂůĞŶƚ ĐŽŵƉŽƵŶĚƐ
                Materials required: ^ŽůƵƟŽŶƐ ŽĨ ƐŽŵĞ ƚLJƉŝĐĂů ĞůĞĐƚƌŽǀĂůĞŶƚ ĐŽŵƉŽƵŶĚƐ͕ ǀŝnj͕͘ ƐŽĚŝƵŵ ĐŚůŽƌŝĚĞ ;EĂ ůͿ͕ ŵĂŐŶĞƐŝƵŵ ĐŚůŽƌŝĚĞ
                     ;DŐ ů Ϳ͕ ƐŽĚŝƵŵ ŚLJĚƌŽdžŝĚĞ ;EĂK,Ϳ͕ ^ŽůƵƟŽŶƐ ŽĨ ƐŽŵĞ ƚLJƉŝĐĂů ĐŽǀĂůĞŶƚ ĐŽŵƉŽƵŶĚƐ͕ ǀŝnj͕͘ ƐƵŐĂƌ͕ ĞƚŚĂŶŽů͕ ŐůƵĐŽƐĞ
                          Ϯ
                Apparatus required:  ĞĂŬĞƌ ;ϭͿ͕ ĐĂƌďŽŶ ĞůĞĐƚƌŽĚĞƐ ;ϮͿ͕ ĚƌLJ ĐĞůůƐ ;ϮͿ͕ ďƵůď ϭ͘ϱ s ;ϭͿ͕ ŬĞLJ ;ϭͿ
                       ^Ğƚ ƚŚĞ ĂƉƉĂƌĂƚƵƐ ĂƐ ƐŚŽǁŶ ďĞůŽǁ͗















                                                   Electrical behaviour of different solutions
                       dĂŬĞ ƚŚĞ ŐŝǀĞŶ ƐŽůƵƟŽŶ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĞůĞĐƚƌŽǀĂůĞŶƚ ĐŽŵƉŽƵŶĚƐ ŝŶ ƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞ ďĞĂŬĞƌƐ ĂŶĚ ĚŝƉ ƚǁŽ ĐĂƌďŽŶ ĞůĞĐƚƌŽĚĞƐ ŝŶƚŽ
                     ƚŚĞƐĞ ƐŽůƵƟŽŶƐ ĨŽƌ Ă ŵŝŶƵƚĞ Žƌ ƚǁŽ͕ ŽŶĞ ďLJ ŽŶĞ͘ KďƐĞƌǀĞ ƚŚĞ ďƵůď͘  ŝĚ ƚŚĞ ďƵůď ŐůŽǁ͍ ZĞĐŽƌĚ LJŽƵƌ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂƟŽŶƐ͘
                        KďƐĞƌǀĂƟŽŶƐ͗ dŚĞ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂƟŽŶƐ ĂƌĞ ƌĞĐŽƌĚĞĚ ďĞůŽǁ͗
                                  ^ŽůƵƟŽŶ          Nature of   Bulb glows   Bulb does    Nature of the
                                                  compound                  not glow       ƐŽůƵƟŽŶ
                           ^ŽĚŝƵŵ ĐŚůŽƌŝĚĞ        ůĞĐƚƌŽǀĂůĞŶƚ     9           8           ŽŶĚƵĐƟŶŐ
                           DĂŐŶĞƐŝƵŵ ĐŚůŽƌŝĚĞ     ůĞĐƚƌŽǀĂůĞŶƚ     9           8           ŽŶĚƵĐƟŶŐ
                           ^ŽĚŝƵŵ ŚLJĚƌŽdžŝĚĞ       ůĞĐƚƌŽǀĂůĞŶƚ     9           8           ŽŶĚƵĐƟŶŐ
                            ƚŚĂŶŽů                  ŽǀĂůĞŶƚ        8           9        EŽŶĐŽŶĚƵĐƟŶŐ
                           'ůƵĐŽƐĞ                  ŽǀĂůĞŶƚ        8           9        EŽŶĐŽŶĚƵĐƟŶŐ
                           ^ƵŐĂƌ                    ŽǀĂůĞŶƚ        8           9        EŽŶĐŽŶĚƵĐƟŶŐ
                Conclusion:  dŚĞ  ƐŽůƵƟŽŶƐ  ŽĨ  ĞůĞĐƚƌŽǀĂůĞŶƚ  ĐŽŵƉŽƵŶĚƐ  ĂƌĞ  ŐŽŽĚ  ĐŽŶĚƵĐƚŽƌƐ  ŽĨ  ĞůĞĐƚƌŝĐŝƚLJ͕  ǁŚĞƌĞĂƐ  ƚŚĞ  ƐŽůƵƟŽŶƐ  ŽĨ
                     ĐŽǀĂůĞŶƚ ĐŽŵƉŽƵŶĚƐ ;Ğ͘Ő͘ ƐƵŐĂƌ͕ ŐůƵĐŽƐĞ ĂŶĚ ĞƚŚĂŶŽůͿ ĂƌĞ nonconductors ŽĨ ĞůĞĐƚƌŝĐŝƚLJ͘
                 džƉůĂŶĂƟŽŶ͗ ^ŽůƵƟŽŶƐ ĐŽŶĚƵĐƚ ĞůĞĐƚƌŝĐŝƚLJ ĚƵĞ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ƉƌĞƐĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ ŝŽŶƐ ŝŶ ƚŚĞŵ͘
                       dŚĞƌĞĨŽƌĞ͕
                        ƒ    ůĞĐƚƌŽǀĂůĞŶƚ ĐŽŵƉŽƵŶĚƐ ĚŝƐƐŽĐŝĂƚĞ ŝŶƚŽ ĨƌĞĞ ŝŽŶƐ ǁŚĞŶ ĚŝƐƐŽůǀĞĚ ŝŶ ǁĂƚĞƌ͘
                        ƒ    ŽǀĂůĞŶƚ ĐŽŵƉŽƵŶĚƐ ĚŽ ŶŽƚ ƉƌŽĚƵĐĞ ŝŽŶƐ ŝŶ ƚŚĞŝƌ ƐŽůƵƟŽŶƐ͘

                                                Illustrative Questions

            Q.1.  The atomic number of the elements W, X, Y and Z are 7, 9, 10 and 11 respectively. Write the formulae of the
                compounds expected to be formed between the following pairs. Also indicate the nature of bonding.
                  (a) W and X                          (b) X and X
            Ans.  6JG GNGEVTQPKE EQPſIWTCVKQPU QH VJG IKXGP GNGOGPVU CTG
                Element                            W            X
                Atomic number                      7            9
                'NGEVTQPKE EQPſIWTCVKQP           2,5          2,7
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