Page 75 - Chemistry ICSE Class X

Study of Acids, Bases and Salts 63
< 200°C
NaCl(s) + H SO (l) o NaHSO (s) + HCl(g)
2
4
4
> 200°C
NaHSO 4 + NaCl(s) o Na SO (s) + HCl(g)
2
4
< 200°C
KNO (s) + H SO (l) o KHSO (s) + HNO (g)
2
3
3
4
4
> 200°C
KHSO (s) + KNO (s) o K SO (s) + HNO (g)
4
3
3
4
2
Uses of Acids
What are the uses of some common acids
Hydrochloric, nitric and sulphuric acids are very important acids from the
commercial point of view.
Some important uses of these and some other acids are mentioned
below:
ƒ Hydrochloric acid (HCl) Š For removing deposits from inside
the boilers. This process is called
descaling.
Š For the preparation of chlorides and
chlorine gas.
Š For cleaning iron sheets before
galvanization.
Š For extracting glue from bones.
In textile industry for dyeing.
Š For cleaning kitchen sink and
sanitarywares. Hydrochloric acid is used to
descale boilers
ƒ Nitric acid (HNO ) Š For preparing fertilizers, explosives,
3
dyes and drugs.
Š +P VJG TGſPKPI QH IQNF CPF UKNXGT
Š For cleaning gold and silver
ornaments.
ƒ Sulphuric acid (H SO ) Š For preparing fertilizers, detergents,
4
2
RNCUVKEU U[PVJGVKE ſDTGU
Š +P RGVTQNGWO KPFWUVT[ HQT TGſPKPI
Š In lead-acid batteries (batteries
used in cars, trucks, buses, etc.) as
electrolyte.
ƒ Boric acid Š As an antiseptic and for making
eye-wash.
ƒ Citric acid Š Food preservation.
ƒ Carbonic acid Š For making aerated drinks.

ƒ Acetic acid Š Table vinegar and for making pickles.

ASSIGNMENT 2

General methods of preparation of acids, General properties of acids

ϭ͘ tƌŝƚĞ ƚŚĞ ŶĂŵĞ ĂŶĚ ĨŽƌŵƵůĂ ŽĨ Ă ;ĂͿ ,LJĚƌĂĐŝĚ͕ ;ďͿ KdžŽ ĂĐŝĚ͘
Ϯ͘ 'ŝǀĞ ŽŶĞ ĞdžĂŵƉůĞ ĨŽƌ ĞĂĐŚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ ĨŽůůŽǁŝŶŐ ŵĞƚŚŽĚƐ ŽĨ ƉƌĞƉĂƌĂƟŽŶ ŽĨ ĂĐŝĚƐ͘
;ĂͿ LJ ĚŝƌĞĐƚ ĐŽŵďŝŶĂƟŽŶ ;ďͿ LJ ƚŚĞ ĂĐƟŽŶ ŽĨ ǁĂƚĞƌ ŽŶ ƚŚĞ ŽdžŝĚĞ ŽĨ Ă ŶŽŶŵĞƚĂů͘